HYPOTONIA

Hypotonia, commonly known as low muscle tone, refers to muscles that appear less firm and have reduced resistance to movement. Children with hypotonia might seem floppy or have a "rag doll" appearance, especially noticeable in infants. This condition can affect various aspects of a child's development, including posture, balance, and coordination.

Signs and Symptoms of Hypotonia

Identifying hypotonia early can make a significant difference in your child's development. Common signs include:

• Delayed Milestones: Challenges in reaching physical milestones such as holding up the head, rolling over, sitting, crawling, or walking.
• Poor Muscle Strength: Muscles may feel soft and limp, leading to difficulties in movement and posture.
• Hyperflexibility: Joints that move beyond the typical range due to reduced muscle support.
• Fatigue: Children may tire quickly during activities, as their muscles require more effort to function.
• Feeding and Speech Difficulties: Challenges with sucking, chewing, or speaking due to low muscle tone in the facial muscles.

Causes of Hypotonia

Hypotonia can result from various underlying conditions, including:

• Genetic Disorders: Such as Down syndrome or Prader-Willi syndrome.
• Neurological Conditions: Including cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
• Metabolic Disorders: Which affect the body's ability to process certain substances.
• Premature Birth: Leading to underdeveloped muscle tone.

In some cases, the exact cause remains unknown, termed as benign congenital hypotonia.